Method of securing a nipple to a hollow shell and article produced thereby



R. s. ASPINWA'LL.

METHOD OF SECURING A NIPPLE TO A HOLLOW SHELL AND ARTICLE PRODUCEDTHEREBY. APPLICATION FILED JUNE Z Zl I920.

1,382,0Q9, Patented June 21, 1921.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, ROBERT SAYER ASPINWALL, or nnrnorr, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR 'ro LINCOLN MFACTURING COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

METHOD OF SECURIN'G'A NIPPLE TO A HOLLOW SHELL AND ARTICLE PRODUCED-THEREBY.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Bonner WALL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented acertain new and useful improvement in Methods of Securing a Nipple to aHollow Shell and Article Produced Thereby, and declare theiollowmg to bea full, clear, and exact descript on of the same, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same,reference being had to'the accompanying drawings, which form a part oi:thls specification.

My invention relates to an improved connection between a shell or holloweaslng and a nipple carried thereby and my improved process ofmanufacturing the same.

In the drawings, it is shown as a shell adapted to serve as the ball endfor a lighting fixture rod or tube provided with a n1pple securedthereto with my 1mproved form of connection in such a manner as toprevent rotation of the nipple therein and so as to resist all actiontending to loosen the same in the shell.

Figure 1 is an elevation oithe completed article.

Fig. 2 is an elevation showlng the shell and nipple separated from eachother, the shell being cut through on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view looking in the direction of the arrow on line 3-3 ofFig. 1. I

Fig. 4 shows the method of crnnping the nipple" in position showing oneform of punch and die therefor.

Fig. 5 is a section showingthe nlpple in position secured to the shell.

In the securing of a nipple to a shellor hollow casing, the defect inthe method followed in the past has been that the connection formedbetween the nipple and shell has been insecure and the nipple has workedloose under use. This ,,de:t'ect has been particularly noticeable innipples required to support a weight as represented the 111pple carriedin the ball end of a lightmg fixture bracket and tubes provided withaball end so provided with a nipple from which is suspended a fixture orlamp.

I provide a metal shell and nipple of conventional design. The shell a.is adapted to Specification of Letters Patent.

SAYER Asrm- Patented J une 21, 19ml.

Application filed June 22, 1920. Serial No. 390,983..

be received over the end of a rod or tube, and the nipple b. is threadedat one end as at o to receive a fixture or lamp support, and providedwith a radial shoulder 03. adapted to abut the outer surface of the wallof the shell when the nipple is inserted through the aperture formedthrough the shell wall.

A section of the wall of the shell is punched out as shown in Fig. 2,the punched out section of shell wall being forced inwardly in the formof separated tongue like portlons e. The punching out of a section ofshell wall would serve to split the wall section into separated segmentsforming tongue like portions as shown. A nipple is then inserted throughthis aperture. The

end of the nipple which projects interiorly portions of the shell andsuch tongue like portions are laid back against the interior surface ofthe shell wall as shownin Fig. 3. This interlocking of the sections ofthe nipple and the shell, and the bending of the same back against thewall of the shell firmly secures the nipple in position so that it willnot work loose in any direction.

A preferred method of manufacture would be to punch out the shell asshown. in Fig.2, the tongue like projections being forced interiorly asshown; then insert a nipple in a punch such as g. Fig. 4:, pass the endof the nipple through the aperture in the wall, of the shell, and thenby means of a punch or die as it. provided with a tapered end adapted tobe received within the end of the nipple, and as the punching operation.progresses force outwardlyj the wall of the, nipple. This punch isadapted to split the wall of the nipple as it forces its way inwardly.It is here shown as being provided with radial flanges 2". adapted toforce tongue like portions of the nipple outwardly into the intersticesformed between the'bent back tongue like portions of the shell. andunder continuance ofpressure force the tongue portions both of thenipple and shell back against the wall of the shell, thereby locking'thenipple against rotation relative the shell. The completion of the punchoperation would bend back the tongue like projections of the nipple andshell against the interior surface of the wall of the shell, locking thesame firmly in place as the radial flange cl. forms a support for theshell upon the nipple the tongue portions formed from the wall of theshell.

2. The method of securing a nipple to a shell, which consists inpunching out a section of the wall of the shell to form an aperturetherethrough, the punched out section of shell wall being forcedinwardly into the shell in the form of separate tongue like projections,inserting a nipple provided with a radial shoulderthrough such apertureuntil the shoulder abuts the shell wall, splitting the end of saidnipple and forcing outwardly the split apart tongue like portions of thenipple into the interstices between the tongue like portions ofthe'shell against the shell wall'so as to lock the nipple and shelltogether against said shoulder.

3. The method of securing a nipple to a shell, which consists in formingan aperture through the wall of the shell by punching inwardly a sectionof the shell wall in the form of separated tongue portions, inserting anipple provided with a shoulder into such aperture until the shoulder,abuts the outer surface of the shell. wall, securing such nipple inposition by splitting the interiorly projecting end thereof and forcingoutwardly tongue like portions thereof into the openings between thetongue like portions of the shell so as to interlock therewith, bind-;ing the shell against the shoulder of the nipple.

4. The method of securing a 'nipple to -a shell which consists informing an aperture throughthe shell wall by punching inwardly a sectionthereof in the form of separated split apart tongue like portions,inserting a nipple providedwith a radial shoulder through such apertureuntil the shoulder prevents further entrance of the nipple therein,clenching the end of the nipple outwardly and against the shell wallforcing the shell against the shoulder of the nipple by forcing splitapart end portions of the nipple into the openings between the separatedtongue like portions of the shell wall locking the nipple and shelltogether.

5. lnan article of manufacture, a shell provided with an aperturethrough the wall thereof, the section of which shell wall is punched outto form such aperture being broken and bent back inwardly of the shellin the form of separated' tongue like portions, a nipple secured to'saidshell by being passed through said aperture and having split apart end.portions thereof bent outwardly interlocklng in the interstices betweenthe tongue like portions of the shell wall.

6. In an article of manufacture, a shell through the wall of which anopening has been formed to receive a nipple, the sectlon of shell wallthrough which the aperture has been made being forced inwardly into theshell in the form of separated tongue like portions laid back radiallyof the aperture against the interior of the shell wall, a nipple formedwith a shoulder adapted to abut the outer surface of said shell wallcarried in said aperture the interiorly projecting end of said nipple asregards the shell belng split and the split apart sections bentoutwardly in such a manner that-split apart sections of said nippledovetail between the tongue like portions of the shell wall.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

ROBERT sAYiaR ASPINWALL.

